Umugore “yibagiwe” uburyo ibicuruzwa byo gutanga pizza bikora maze afata isakoshi yose ayikuye ku mushoferi, atari umwe gusa

Gupakira imizigo n'imizigo mu ndege ni igice cy'ingenzi mu bikorwa. Ibi si ibintu dukunze gutekerezaho - birumvikana, keretse iyo bifite ikibazo. Gupakira imizigo n'ububiko biratandukanye bitewe n'indege. Ku ndege nto, ibi bikunze kubaho n'intoki, ariko rimwe na rimwe hakoreshwa kontineri.
Gukusanya imizigo mu gace k’igenzura, kunyura ku kibuga cy’indege no kwinjira mu ndege ni bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi mu bikorwa remezo by’ikibuga cy’indege. Ibibuga by’indege bikomeye byose bikoresha uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo gutwara imizigo bwikora. Ibi bikoresha umukandara wo gutwara imizigo na sisitemu yo kuzenguruka kugira ngo bijyane imizigo ifite tagi iva aho igenzura yerekeza ikagera aho ipakira imizigo cyangwa ibikwa. Ibi bishobora kandi gutuma habaho kugenzura umutekano.
Hanyuma imizigo irabikwa cyangwa igashyirwa mu igare kugira ngo igerwe n'indege. Kugeza ubu, ibi byakozwe ahanini n'intoki. Ariko amwe mu masosiyete y'indege yatangiye gutekereza ku buryo bwikora.
British Airways yatangiye igerageza ryo kugeza imizigo ku kibuga cy’indege cya Heathrow mu mpera za 2019. Ibi bikoresha amakamyo yikora mu gutwara imizigo ipakiye mu buryo butaziguye uhereye kuri sisitemu yo gutwara imizigo ijya mu ndege. ANA kandi yakoze igerageza rito rya sisitemu yo gutwara imizigo yigenga mu ntangiriro za 2020.
Simple Flying yize igitekerezo cya robotike mu gutondekanya no gupakira imizigo. Ibi bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha gupakira no kugabanya amakosa n'igihombo cy'imizigo.
Nyuma y’uko imizigo ishyizwe mu byiciro no kuyigeza, igomba gushyirwa mu ndege. Aha niho inzira itandukanira ku bwoko bw’indege. Ku ndege nto, akenshi ishyirwa mu bubiko bw’imizigo y’indege n’indege nyinshi ziciriritse zibikora. Ariko, ubwoko bwa A320 bushobora gukoresha kontineri.
Gupakira imizigo myinshi byitwa "gupakira imizigo myinshi". Ibi akenshi bikoresha umukandara utwara imizigo mu gutwara imizigo mu ndege (nubwo ishobora kuba idakenewe ku ndege ntoya cyane). Hanyuma upakire imizigo uyibike neza. Imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gufata imifuka ndetse rimwe na rimwe ikagabanyamo ibice byinshi. Kugenzura ko imizigo idatwarwa neza mu gihe cy'urugendo ni ingenzi mu gukwirakwiza ibiro.
Ubundi buryo bwo gushyira imizigo mu buryo bunini ni ugukoresha amakontena yitwa ibikoresho byo gushyira imizigo mu ndege. Ni ngombwa kubika imizigo mu gice cy’imizigo cy’indege, ibyo bikaba bigoye cyane (kandi bigatwara igihe kinini) ku ndege nini. Indege zose zifite umubiri munini (rimwe na rimwe A320) ziba zifite amakontena. Imizigo ishyirwa mu gikoresho cya ULD gikwiye hanyuma igashyirwa mu gice cy’imizigo cy’indege.
ULD itanga ingano zitandukanye ku ndege zitandukanye. Isanzwe cyane ni kontineri ya LD3. Iyi kontineri ikoreshwa ku ndege zose za Airbus na Boeing 747, 777 na 787. Izindi kontineri zikoreshwa neza mu gutwara imizigo y'indege z'ingano zitandukanye, harimo 747 na 767.
Kuri A320, ikarita ya LD3 ifite ingano nto (yitwa LD3-45) irashobora gukoreshwa. Iyi ifite uburebure buke kugira ngo ishobore kwakira ibintu bito. 737 ntikoresha ikarita.
Uburyo bwo gupakira imizigo ni bumwe n’ubwo gutwara imizigo. Indege zose zifite umubiri munini (ndetse na A320) zikoresha amakontena. Akamaro k’ingenzi k’amakontena mu ikoreshwa ry’ibicuruzwa ni ubushobozi bwo kubipakira mbere no kubibika. Bituma kandi byoroha kohereza hagati y’indege, kuko amakontena menshi ashobora guhindurwamo ubwoko butandukanye.
Hari ibintu bitari byo mu gihe gishize mu gutwara imizigo. Hamwe n'impinduka zabaye mu 2020 na 2021, amwe mu masosiyete y'indege yihutiye guhindura indege zitwara abagenzi kugira ngo zitware imizigo. Gukoresha akazu gakuru mu gupakira imizigo bifasha sosiyete z'indege gukomeza kuguruka no kumenyera kwiyongera kw'umusaruro w'imizigo.
Ibikorwa byo gutwara imizigo ku butaka no kuyipakira ni ingenzi mu bikorwa by'ikibuga cy'indege no mu ihererekanya ry'indege. Mushobora kuganira ku bisobanuro birambuye mu bitekerezo.
Umunyamakuru-Justin afite uburambe bw'imyaka igera ku icumi mu bijyanye no gusohora ibitabo kandi asobanukiwe neza ibibazo by’indege muri iki gihe. Ashishikajwe cyane no guteza imbere inzira, indege nshya no kuba indahemuka, ingendo ze nyinshi mu masosiyete y’indege nka British Airways na Cathay Pacific zamuhaye gusobanukirwa neza ibibazo by’inganda. Afite icyicaro i Hong Kong na Darlington, mu Bwongereza.