Gutwara imizigo n'imizigo y'indege ni igice cy'ingenzi mu bikorwa. Ntabwo arikintu dukunze gutekereza - birumvikana, keretse niba gifite ikibazo. Gutwara imizigo no kubika biratandukanye bitewe nindege. Ku ndege ntoya, ibi bikunda kubaho mu ntoki, ariko rimwe na rimwe hakoreshwa kontineri.
Gukusanya imizigo ivuye ahantu hagenzurwa, kunyura ku kibuga cyindege no kwurira indege nibice byingenzi byibikorwa remezo byikibuga. Ibibuga byindege byose bikoresha uburyo bumwe bwo gukoresha imizigo yikora. Ibi bifashisha umukandara wa convoyeur na deflector kugirango uzane imizigo yashizweho kuva aho igenzurwa kugeza aho imizigo cyangwa ububiko. Ibi birashobora kandi gutuma igenzura ryumutekano.
Imizigo irabikwa cyangwa igashyirwa muri trolley kugirango itangwe nindege. Kugeza ubu, iyi yabaye inzira yintoki. Ariko indege zimwe zimaze gutangira gutekereza kuri automatike.
British Airways yatangiye igeragezwa ryo gutanga imizigo mu buryo bwikora ku Kibuga cy’indege cya Heathrow mu mpera za 2019. Ibi bifashisha trolleys zikoresha mu gutwara imizigo ipakiye mu buryo bwo gutwara imizigo mu ndege. ANA yakoze kandi igeragezwa rito rya sisitemu yimizigo yigenga mu ntangiriro za 2020.
Byoroheje Kuguruka yize igitekerezo cya robotics yo gutondekanya imizigo no gupakira. Ibi bifite ubushobozi bwo kwihutisha imizigo no kugabanya amakosa no gutakaza imizigo.
Iyo imizigo imaze gutondekwa no gutangwa, igomba kwishyirwa mu ndege. Aha niho inzira itandukanya ubwoko bwindege. Ku ndege ntoya, ubusanzwe iba yapakishijwe intoki mu ndege. Indege zose zo mukarere hamwe nindege zifunganye cyane zikora ibi. Ariko, urutonde rwa A320 rushobora gukoresha kontineri.
Gutwara imizigo myinshi byitwa "gupakira ibintu byinshi". Ubusanzwe ikoresha umukandara wa convoyeur kugirango ujyane imizigo aho indege itwara imizigo (nubwo idashobora gukenerwa mu ndege nto). Noneho fungura imizigo uyibike neza. Urushundura rukoreshwa mu kurinda imifuka rimwe na rimwe kugira ngo ugabanye imizigo mu bice byinshi. Kugenzura imipaka yimizigo mugihe cyindege ni ngombwa mugukwirakwiza ibiro.
Ubundi buryo bwo gupakira byinshi ni ugukoresha ibikoresho byitwa ibikoresho byo gupakira. Ni ngombwa kurinda imizigo mu gice cy’imizigo yindege, bigoye cyane (kandi bitwara igihe) mu ndege nini. Indege zose zigari (rimwe na rimwe A320) zifite ibikoresho. Imizigo yabanje kwinjizwa muri ULD ikwiye hanyuma igashyirwa mu gice cy'imizigo y'indege.
ULD itanga ubunini butandukanye bwindege zitandukanye. Bikunze kugaragara cyane ni kontineri ya LD3. Ibi bikoreshwa mu ndege zose za Airbus Broadbody na Boeing 747, 777 na 787. Ibindi bikoresho byatejwe imbere imizigo yindege ifite ubunini butandukanye, harimo 747 na 767.
Kuri A320, kugabanya ingano ya LD3 (yitwa LD3-45) irashobora gukoreshwa. Ibi bifite uburebure bwagabanijwe kugirango bwakire ibintu bito. 737 ntabwo ikoresha ibikoresho.
Uburyo bwo gupakira imizigo ni kimwe n'imizigo. Indege zose zigari (kandi birashoboka A320) zikoresha kontineri. Inyungu yingenzi ya kontineri mugukoresha ibicuruzwa nubushobozi bwo kubanza kubitwara no kubibika. Bemerera kandi kwimura byoroshye hagati yindege, kuko kontineri nyinshi zishobora guhinduranya hagati yubwoko butandukanye.
Habayeho ibitagenda neza mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe biherutse gutwara ibicuruzwa. Hamwe n’impinduka muri 2020 na 2021, indege zimwe zahinduye vuba indege zitwara abagenzi gutwara imizigo. Gukoresha kabine nkuru kugirango yikoreze imizigo ifasha indege gukomeza kuguruka no guhuza no kongera imizigo.
Ibikorwa byo gufata hasi hamwe no gupakira imizigo nigice cyingenzi mubikorwa byindege no guhinduranya indege. Wumve neza kuganira kubisobanuro birambuye mubitekerezo.
Umunyamakuru-Justin afite uburambe bwimyaka hafi icumi mubijyanye no gusohora kandi asobanukiwe byimazeyo ibibazo byugarije indege muri iki gihe. Kubera ko ashishikajwe cyane no guteza imbere inzira, indege nshya n'ubudahemuka, ingendo nini yagiriye mu ndege nka British Airways na Cathay Pacific zamuhaye kumva neza kandi mu buryo butaziguye ibibazo by'inganda. Icyicaro gikuru i Hong Kong na Darlington, mu Bwongereza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-31-2021